一. 什么是 COSMOS
严格来说，COSMOS 是一个独立并行区块链的分散网络，每个区块链都由BFT共识算法（如Tendermint共识）提供支持。
换句话说，COSMOS 是一个新的区块链生态系统，可以相互扩展和互操作。 在 COSMOS 之前，区块链是孤立的，无法相互沟通。 它们很难构建，每秒只能处理少量事务。 COSMOS 通过新的技术愿景解决了这些问题。
二. COSMOS 相关资料
参考原文
三. COSMOS 节点搭建
四. COSMOS 钱包开发
1.生成地址和私钥
1.1. python 生成地址和私钥
import hashlib from secp256k1 import PrivateKey import bech32
def generate_wallet(): privkey = PrivateKey().serialize() return { “private_key”: privkey, “public_key”: privkey_to_pubkey(privkey), “address”: privkey_to_address(privkey), }
def privkey_to_pubkey(privkey: str) -> str: privkey_obj = PrivateKey(bytes.fromhex(privkey)) return privkey_obj.pubkey.serialize().hex()
def pubkey_to_address(pubkey: str) -> str: pubkey_bytes = bytes.fromhex(pubkey) s = hashlib.new(“sha256”, pubkey_bytes).digest() r = hashlib.new(“ripemd160”, s).digest() return bech32.bech32_encode(“cosmos”, bech32.convertbits(r, 8, 5))
def privkey_to_address(privkey: str) -> str: pubkey = privkey_to_pubkey(privkey) return pubkey_to_address(pubkey)
wallet = generate_wallet() print(wallet)
执行结果如下：
{‘private_key’: ‘bfbc2e98d50325b8783bb8c2188d1a92aa7d0fbec9feec304a9eb887115c354f’, ‘public_key’: ‘020a6be4ed72a3317bc8d148a2604a2b31c2d2c07405cacfcd175b68b9445ce42e’, ‘address’: ‘cosmos1zmja29jn8cqcf59yy968ze3tdet2zyl6gxh4e8’}
1.2. python 交易签名
import base64 import json from secp256k1 import PrivateKey from address import privkey_to_address, privkey_to_pubkey
class Transaction: def __init__(self, *, privkey: str, account_num:int, sequence:int, fee:int, gas:int, memo:str = “”, chain_id: str = “cosmoshub-2”,sync_mode = “sync”): self.privkey = privkey self.account_num = account_num self.sequence = sequence self.fee = fee self.gas = gas self.memo = memo self.chain_id = chain_id self.sync_mode = sync_mode self.msgs = [] def add_atom_transfer(self, recipient: str, amount: int) -> None: self.msgs.append( { “type”: “cosmos-sdk/MsgSend”, “value”: { “from_address”: privkey_to_address(self.privkey), “to_address”: recipient, “amount”: [{“denom”: “uatom”, “amount”: str(amount)}], }, } )
def _get_sign_message(self): return { “chain_id”: self.chain_id, “account_number”: str(self.account_num), “fee”: {“gas”: str(self.gas), “amount”: [{“amount”: str(self.fee), “denom”: “uatom”}]}, “memo”: self.memo, “sequence”: str(self.sequence), “msgs”: self.msgs, }
def _sign(self) -> str: message_str = json.dumps(self._get_sign_message(), separators=(“,”, “:”), sort_keys=True) message_bytes = message_str.encode(“utf-8”) privkey = PrivateKey(bytes.fromhex(self.privkey)) signature = privkey.ecdsa_sign(message_bytes) signature_compact = privkey.ecdsa_serialize_compact(signature) signature_base64_str = base64.b64encode(signature_compact).decode(“utf-8”) return signature_base64_str
def get_pushable_tx(self) -> str: pubkey = privkey_to_pubkey(self.privkey) base64_pubkey = base64.b64encode(bytes.fromhex(pubkey)).decode(“utf-8”) pushable_tx = { “tx”: { “msg”: self.msgs, “fee”: { “gas”: str(self.gas), “amount”: [{“denom”: “uatom”, “amount”: str(self.fee)}], }, “memo”: self.memo, “signatures”: [ { “signature”: self._sign(), “pub_key”: {“type”: “tendermint/PubKeySecp256k1”, “value”: base64_pubkey}, “account_number”: str(self.account_num), “sequence”: str(self.sequence), } ], }, “mode”: self.sync_mode, } return json.dumps(pushable_tx, separators=(“,”, “:”))
tx = Transaction( privkey=”26d167d549a4b2b66f766b0d3f2bdbe1cd92708818c338ff453abde316a2bd59″, account_num=11335, sequence=0, fee=1000, gas=37000, memo=””, chain_id=”cosmoshub-2″, sync_mode=”sync”, )
tx.add_atom_transfer(recipient=”cosmos103l758ps7403sd9c0y8j6hrfw4xyl70j4mmwkf”, amount=387000) pushable_tx = tx.get_pushable_tx() print(pushable_tx)
执行结果如下：
{“tx”:{“msg”:[{“type”:”cosmos-sdk/MsgSend”,”value”:{“from_address”:”cosmos1lgharzgds89lpshr7q8kcmd2esnxkfpwvuz